Biology Cell Biology Fundamentals
Study 30 essential cell biology facts and vocabulary terms
What You'll Learn
Master core cell biology concepts with free flashcards. Review organelles, transport, cell cycle, and central molecular biology processes for class and exam prep.
Key Topics
- Core organelles and their primary functions
- Membrane transport and diffusion concepts
- DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis essentials
- Cell cycle checkpoints and mitosis overview
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How to study this deck
Start with a quick skim of the questions, then launch study mode to flip cards until you can answer each prompt without hesitation. Revisit tricky cards using shuffle or reverse order, and schedule a follow-up review within 48 hours to reinforce retention.
Preview: Biology Cell Biology Fundamentals
Question
Basic structural and functional unit of life
Answer
Cell
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Organelle that contains most genetic material
Answer
Nucleus
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Double membrane surrounding the nucleus
Answer
Nuclear envelope
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Region inside nucleus where ribosomes are assembled
Answer
Nucleolus
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Organelle responsible for ATP production
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Mitochondrion
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Organelle that modifies and packages proteins
Answer
Golgi apparatus
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Membranous network studded with ribosomes
Answer
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
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Membranous network involved in lipid synthesis
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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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Cell structures where proteins are synthesized
Answer
Ribosomes
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Organelle containing digestive enzymes
Answer
Lysosome
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Organelle involved in detox and fatty acid breakdown
Answer
Peroxisome
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Gel-like internal cell matrix
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Cytoplasm
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Selective barrier surrounding the cell
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Plasma membrane
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Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
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Osmosis
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Net movement from high to low concentration
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Diffusion
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Transport requiring energy input
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Active transport
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Transport through membrane proteins without ATP
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Facilitated diffusion
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Cell drinking through vesicle uptake
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Pinocytosis
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Cell eating large particles
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Phagocytosis
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Release of substances via vesicle fusion
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Exocytosis
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Phase of interphase where DNA is replicated
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S phase
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Cell growth phase before DNA replication
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G1 phase
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Preparation phase before mitosis
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G2 phase
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Division of nucleus in eukaryotic cells
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Mitosis
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Division creating gametes with half chromosome number
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Meiosis
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Programmed cell death
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Apoptosis
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Flow of genetic information: DNA to RNA to protein
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Central dogma
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Process of making RNA from DNA
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Transcription
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Process of making protein from mRNA
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Translation
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Three-base sequence that codes for an amino acid
Answer
Codon